Used in formal situations to show respect, especially with strangers or elders.

Formality Level

Say it with genuine remorse to sound sincere in your apology, not just as a reflex.

Sincerity Matters

Avoid using it for minor inconveniences or informal situations; it may seem too formal.

Use it to politely interrupt when you didn't hear or understand someone.

It can be a polite way to show you're surprised by what someone said.

In this context, it doesn't mean you're sorry; you're asking for information to be repeated.